Question Description
1.
(03.01 LC)
Which of the following correctly characterizes the arachnoid mater? (2 points)
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Middle layer of the meninges that contains the cerebrospinal fluid |
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Attached to the surface of the brain and spinal cord |
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Outermost layer of the meninges that contains cerebral fluid |
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Attached to the inner surface of the cranium and vertebrae |
2.
(03.01 MC)
Parkinson’s disease prevents the brain from properly sending motor signals to the consciously moved muscles of the body. This disease would therefore inhibit parts of the (2 points)
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autosensory nervous system |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
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peripheral nervous system |
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autonomic nervous system |
3.
(03.01 MC)
Your cat rubs against your leg, tickling your skin, so you reach down and scratch your leg. Which shows the correct order of signal production in the nervous system? (2 points)
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Sensory somatic system; central nervous system; motor neuron |
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Central nervous system; motor neuron; sensory somatic system |
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Sensory neuron; central nervous system; autonomic nervous system |
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Central nervous system; sensory neuron; autonomic somatic system |
4.
(03.02 LC)
The ventral root is associated with which action of a reflex arc? (2 points)
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Stimulation of the effector |
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Perception of the stimulus |
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Integration of the message by the interneuron |
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Transfer of information by the sensory neuron |
5.
(03.02 LC)
Image Courtesy of 3DScience.com
The structure labeled with “C” is called (2 points)
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the central canal |
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a dorsal horn |
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a ventral root |
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the white matter |
6.
(03.02 LC)
Which part of a spinal reflex arc receives information from a pain receptor? (2 points)
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Dorsal root |
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The spinal cord |
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The brain |
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A cranial nerve |
7.
(03.03 LC)
Image Courtesy of 3DScience.com
Which of the following correctly identifies letter C on the diagram above? (2 points)
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Cerebellum |
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Corpus collosum |
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Medulla |
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Thalamus |
8.
(03.03 LC)
What part of the brain is responsible for making you feel hungry? (2 points)
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Hypothalamus |
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Thalamus |
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Midbrain |
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Medulla |
9.
(03.04 MC)
Which of the following nervous system divisions is correctly paired with an example of its function? (2 points)
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Sympathetic-constricts airways |
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Sympathetic-dilates the pupils |
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Parasympathetic-accelerates heartbeat |
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Parasympathetic-breaks down glycogen to glucose |
10.
(03.04 MC)
An injury to the nervous system results in nervousness and hyperactivity. Which division of the nervous system was damaged by the injury? (2 points)
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Central |
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Sympathetic |
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Sensory somatic |
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Parasympathetic |
11.
(03.05 MC)
Describe how the following stages occur in a neuron in terms of ion movement across the cell membrane: resting potential, threshold potential, depolarization, repolarization. (5 points)
12.
(03.05 HC)
What is the correct order of a signal being transmitted across a neuromuscular junction? (2 points)
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Arrival of end plate potential-acetylcholine release-action potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrate |
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Arrival of action potential-acetylcholine release-end plate potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrate |
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Acetylcholine release-arrival of action potential-end plate potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substate |
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Binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrate-acetylcholine release-arrival of action potential-end plate potential |
13.
(03.05 LC)
In a neuromuscular synapse, which of the following breaks down the neurotransmitter released from the axon? (2 points)
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The enzyme acetylcholinesterase |
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The motor end plate |
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The arrival of additional impulses at the axon terminal |
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The creation of additional synaptic vesicles |
14.
(03.05 MC)
During the transmission of signals across a neuromuscular junction, which of the following happens first? (2 points)
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Acetylcholine binds to a receptor protein on the motor end plate. |
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The sodium and potassium ion gates on the motor end plates open. |
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Synaptic vesicles release acetylcholine molecules. |
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Synaptic vesicles move toward the axon terminals. |
15.
(03.07 LC)
Glands of the endocrine system release their hormones (2 points)
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directly onto the hormones’ target cells |
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directly onto the skin’s epithelial cells |
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into the bloodstream |
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into attached ducts |
16.
(03.07 MC)
How does neural transmission compare to endocrine signal transmission? (2 points)
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Hormones are chemicals from endocrine glands, and neurotransmitters are chemical signals from neurons. |
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Hormones are electric impulses sent from endocrine glands, and action potentials are electric signals sent through neurons. |
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Endocrine glands and neurons both send their messages through the bloodstream. |
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Endocrine glands and neurons both use electrical signals. |
17.
(03.07 MC)
A person has a disorder that inhibits the production of thymosin. Which of the following would be a likely result? (2 points)
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A weakened immune system |
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High blood pressure |
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A fast metabolism |
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Increased blood calcium levels |
18.
(03.07 MC)
Jane just ate kale, a high-calcium food. This would likely cause (2 points)
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an increase in calcitonin produced by the thyroid |
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a decrease in calcitonin produced by the thyroid |
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an increase in calcitonin produced by the parathyroid |
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a decrease in calcitonin produced by the parathyroid |
19.
(03.06 MC)
© Image Courtesy of 3DScience.com
Based on the figure above, which structure would focus light onto the retina? (2 points)
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Structure A, by contracting |
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Structure B, by bending |
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Structure C, by contracting |
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Structure D, by bending |
20.
(03.06 MC)
Gustatory and olfactory refer to which of the following senses, in which order? (2 points)
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Touch and hearing |
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Hearing and touch |
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Smell and taste |
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Taste and smell |
21.
(03.06 MC)
Describe the pathway of sound from the point where it enters the outer ear to the point in which the sound information travels to the brain. Briefly describe the structure and function of each organ along the pathway. (5 points)
1.(03.01 LC)Which of the following correctly characterizes the arachnoid mater? (2 points)Middle layer of the meninges that contains the cerebrospinal fluidAttached to the surface of the brain and spinal cordOutermost layer of the meninges that contains cerebral fluidAttached to the inner surface of the cranium and vertebrae2.(03.01 MC)Parkinson’s disease prevents the brain from properly sending motor signals to the consciously moved muscles of the body. This disease would therefore inhibit parts of the (2 points)autosensory nervous systemparasympathetic nervous systemperipheral nervous systemautonomic nervous system3.(03.01 MC)Your cat rubs against your leg, tickling your skin, so you reach down and scratch your leg. Which shows the correct order of signal production in the nervous system? (2 points)Sensory somatic system; central nervous system; motor neuronCentral nervous system; motor neuron; sensory somatic systemSensory neuron; central nervous system; autonomic nervous systemCentral nervous system; sensory neuron; autonomic somatic system4.(03.02 LC)The ventral root is associated with which action of a reflex arc? (2 points)Stimulation of the effectorPerception of the stimulusIntegration of the message by the interneuronTransfer of information by the sensory neuron5.(03.02 LC)Image Courtesy of 3DScience.comThe structure labeled with “C” is called (2 points)the central canala dorsal horna ventral rootthe white matter6.(03.02 LC)Which part of a spinal reflex arc receives information from a pain receptor? (2 points)Dorsal rootThe spinal cordThe brainA cranial nerve7.(03.03 LC)Image Courtesy of 3DScience.comWhich of the following correctly identifies letter C on the diagram above? (2 points)CerebellumCorpus collosumMedullaThalamus8.(03.03 LC)What part of the brain is responsible for making you feel hungry? (2 points)HypothalamusThalamusMidbrainMedulla9.(03.04 MC)Which of the following nervous system divisions is correctly paired with an example of its function? (2 points)Sympathetic-constricts airwaysSympathetic-dilates the pupilsParasympathetic-accelerates heartbeatParasympathetic-breaks down glycogen to glucose10.(03.04 MC)An injury to the nervous system results in nervousness and hyperactivity. Which division of the nervous system was damaged by the injury? (2 points)CentralSympatheticSensory somaticParasympathetic11.(03.05 MC) Describe how the following stages occur in a neuron in terms of ion movement across the cell membrane: resting potential, threshold potential, depolarization, repolarization. (5 points)12.(03.05 HC) What is the correct order of a signal being transmitted across a neuromuscular junction? (2 points)Arrival of end plate potential-acetylcholine release-action potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrateArrival of action potential-acetylcholine release-end plate potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrateAcetylcholine release-arrival of action potential-end plate potential-binding of acetylcholinesterase to its substateBinding of acetylcholinesterase to its substrate-acetylcholine release-arrival of action potential-end plate potential13.(03.05 LC)In a neuromuscular synapse, which of the following breaks down the neurotransmitter released from the axon? (2 points)The enzyme acetylcholinesteraseThe motor end plateThe arrival of additional impulses at the axon terminalThe creation of additional synaptic vesicles14.(03.05 MC)During the transmission of signals across a neuromuscular junction, which of the following happens first? (2 points)Acetylcholine binds to a receptor protein on the motor end plate.The sodium and potassium ion gates on the motor end plates open.Synaptic vesicles release acetylcholine molecules.Synaptic vesicles move toward the axon terminals.15.(03.07 LC)Glands of the endocrine system release their hormones (2 points)directly onto the hormones’ target cellsdirectly onto the skin’s epithelial cellsinto the bloodstreaminto attached ducts16.(03.07 MC)How does neural transmission compare to endocrine signal transmission? (2 points)Hormones are chemicals from endocrine glands, and neurotransmitters are chemical signals from neurons.Hormones are electric impulses sent from endocrine glands, and action potentials are electric signals sent through neurons.Endocrine glands and neurons both send their messages through the bloodstream.Endocrine glands and neurons both use electrical signals.17.(03.07 MC)A person has a disorder that inhibits the production of thymosin. Which of the following would be a likely result? (2 points)A weakened immune systemHigh blood pressureA fast metabolismIncreased blood calcium levels18.(03.07 MC)Jane just ate kale, a high-calcium food. This would likely cause (2 points)an increase in calcitonin produced by the thyroida decrease in calcitonin produced by the thyroidan increase in calcitonin produced by the parathyroida decrease in calcitonin produced by the parathyroid19.(03.06 MC)© Image Courtesy of 3DScience.comBased on the figure above, which structure would focus light onto the retina? (2 points)Structure A, by contractingStructure B, by bendingStructure C, by contractingStructure D, by bending20.(03.06 MC)Gustatory and olfactory refer to which of the following senses, in which order? (2 points)Touch and hearingHearing and touchSmell and tasteTaste and smell21.(03.06 MC)Describe the pathway of sound from the point where it enters the outer ear to the point in which the sound information travels to the brain. Briefly describe the structure and function of each organ along the pathway. (5 points)
